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How you can Register a Limited Liability Company (SL) in Spain
Organising a business in Spain is an attractive option for each local and foreign entrepreneurs thanks to its strong economic system, access to European markets, and investor-friendly regulations. Among the most popular business buildings is the Sociedad Limitada (SL), or Limited Liability Firm, which presents flexibility and protection for its owners. Right here’s a step-by-step guide on easy methods to register an SL in Spain and what it's worthwhile to know to get started legally and efficiently.
1. Understand What an SL Company Is
A Sociedad Limitada (SL) is a private limited firm much like an LLC. It’s designed for small and medium-sized enterprises and provides limited liability protection—meaning shareholders are only liable for the company’s money owed as much as the quantity of their investment. An SL requires a minimal share capital of €three,000, which have to be deposited right into a Spanish bank account earlier than registration.
This structure is right for entrepreneurs who wish to minimize personal monetary risk while maintaining operational control and flexibility.
2. Choose and Register Your Firm Name
The first official step is to reserve a company name with the Central Mercantile Register (Registro Mercantil Central). You’ll want to apply for a certificación negativa de denominación social, confirming that your desired firm name is unique and available.
This certificate can be obtained online, and it’s valid for six months (with a 3-month legitimateity for incorporation purposes). Make sure your company name displays your business identity and follows Spanish naming regulations.
3. Open a Business Bank Account and Deposit Capital
Subsequent, you must open a business bank account in Spain under your organization’s name. Before incorporation, you’ll have to deposit at the very least €3,000 as the minimum share capital. The bank will then difficulty a certificate of deposit (certificado bancario), which you’ll need for the following steps of the registration process.
Foreign investors could also be required to present identification documents akin to passports, NIE numbers (foreigners’ tax identification numbers), and proof of address.
4. Draft the Firm’s Articles of Affiliation
The Articles of Association (Estatutos Sociales) define the inner rules of your organization—its goals, management construction, shareholder responsibilities, and capital distribution. This document, collectively with the founding deed (escritura pública de constitución), should be signed earlier than a Spanish notary by all shareholders or their legal representatives.
The notary will confirm the legality of the documents and be certain that your organization complies with Spanish corporate law.
5. Obtain the Company’s Tax Identification Number (NIF)
Every SL will need to have a NIF (Número de Identificación Fiscal), which serves as the corporate’s tax identification number. Initially, you’ll receive a provisional NIF from the Tax Agency (Agencia Tributaria), and once your registration is accomplished, you’ll be issued a definitive NIF.
The NIF is necessary for all monetary and legal operations, including opening bank accounts, signing contracts, and issuing invoices.
6. Register the Company with the Mercantile Registry
After notarization, your documents have to be filed with the Provincial Mercantile Registry (Registro Mercantil Provincial). This step formally incorporates your SL and makes it a legal entity acknowledged by Spanish law. Registration typically takes 7 to 15 days, depending on the region.
Once registered, you’ll obtain your organization’s official registration number, permitting you to begin trading legally.
7. Register for Social Security and Taxes
Before starting business operations, you should register the corporate and its directors with the Social Security system (Seguridad Social) and the Tax Agency. You’ll additionally must register for VAT (IVA) if your small business activities require it.
In the event you plan to hire employees, be certain that your company is enrolled as an employer and that every one employment contracts comply with Spanish labor regulations.
8. Optional however Necessary: Seek Professional Assistance
While it’s doable to register an SL in your own, working with a lawyer, gestor, or business consultant in Spain can simplify the process. They'll assist with documentation, translations, tax registration, and compliance—saving you time and avoiding costly mistakes.
Key Takeaways
Minimum share capital: €3,000
Required documents: NIE, firm name certificate, bank deposit certificate, Articles of Association, and notarial deed
Registration time: Normally 2–4 weeks
Official our bodies involved: Registro Mercantil, Agencia Tributaria, and Seguridad Social
Establishing an SL in Spain is straightforward once you understand every step and put together the mandatory paperwork in advance. As soon as incorporated, you’ll enjoy the benefits of working under a trusted business structure that offers flexibility, limited liability, and access to Spain’s thriving economic environment.
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Website: https://creaciondesociedades.es/
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